We recommend that you first create the abstract text on your own PC, and then use the copy-paste function to insert it into the abstract text field below.
When using the following symbols, copy them from this section and paste them into the necessary locations within the abstract text to ensure greater accuracy.
Also, please use half-width characters for the following tags:
<SUP></SUP><SUB></SUB><I></I><B></B><U></U><BR>
For superscript text, enclose the characters with <SUP> and </SUP>
For example: Na<SUP>+</SUP> will be displayed as Na+ .
For subscript text, enclose the characters with <SUB> and </SUB>
For example: H<SUB>2</SUB>O will be displayed as H2O .
For italic text, enclose the characters with <I> and </I>.
For example: <I>c-fos</I> will be displayed as c-fos .
For bold text, enclose the characters with <B>and </B>.
For example:<B>Bold Text</B> will be displayed as Bold Text .
For underlined text, enclose the characters with <U> and </U>.
For example: <U>Underlined Text</U> will be displayed as Underlined Text .
To insert line breaks within the abstract text, add<BR> at the beginning of the line where you want the break.
To avoid confusion with the tags above, please use full-width angle brackets (<, >) when including angle brackets within the abstract text.
For example, use p<0.05 instead of p<0.05 and CO>2.2 instead of CO>2.2.
Please do not use machine-dependent characters, numbers like ①②③, or half-width katakana. For Roman numerals, use a combination of English letters.
The field below is where you should enter the abstract text (excluding the title, institution names, and author names). Begin writing from the left margin without indenting the first line. Depending on your browser, the abstract text field below may appear unusually wide. If this makes it difficult to format your abstract, feel free to insert line breaks within the text as needed. These line breaks will be automatically removed during the submission process, so you can leave them in place.
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